## Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

- XHTML for Markup
- CSS for style and presentation

### Markup and Presentation Intertwined #### Symptoms proprietary HTML extensions making text into images proliferate use of "spacer" 1px by 1px GIF images deprecated HTML elements and/or attributes using tables for layout #### Consequences Changing design can be a major undertaking HTML/XHTML very complex; can easily lead to errors Unnecessary content constraints | ### Separated Allows structure and presentation to be separate. Allows greater control over presentation than XHTML/HTML alone. Improves accessibility. Simplifies XHTML/HTML markup, both in term of structure and size